Place cardamom pods, peppercorns, cloves, star anise, and cinnamon sticks in the center of a square of cheesecloth or in a coffee filter. Gather up edges and secure with kitchen twine to form a pouch.
Pour apple cider into a medium pot or slow cooker and mix in brown sugar. Arrange spice pouch, ginger slices, and orange slices in pot.
If making apple cider on stovetop, bring cider to a low simmer over medium heat. Reduce heat to low, cover pot, and allow to cook on low 1-2 hours, stirring occasionally. If making apple cider in slow cooker, place lid on slow cooker and cook on high 2-3 hours or on low 4-5 hours.
Remove spice pouch, ginger slices, and orange slices before serving mulled apple cider. Optionally, mix liquors into individual servings. Enjoy!